What does the term genotype refer to?

The term genotype specifically refers to the genetic makeup of an organism. It encompasses all the genes that an organism possesses, including both the alleles that are expressed (phenotype) and those that are not perceptibly expressed. Understanding genotype is crucial in genetics, as it provides insight into hereditary traits, potential health risks, and how organisms might respond to environmental changes. This genetic foundation influences everything from physical characteristics to behaviors, making it a key concept in genetics and biology studies.