What is the field of study that focuses on how living things interact with each other and their environment?

The field of study that specifically examines how living organisms interact with one another and their environment is ecology. This discipline looks at relationships among organisms, including their behavior, population dynamics, and what roles they play in ecosystems. Ecologists explore various aspects, such as food chains, ecosystems, biodiversity, climate interactions, and the effects of human actions on natural habitats.

While biology is a broad field that encompasses the study of all living organisms, including their structure and function, it does not focus exclusively on interactions within ecosystems. Environmental science combines principles from ecology, biology, geology, and chemistry to study the environment and develop solutions to environmental problems, but it has a wider scope than just interactions among living organisms. Zoology specifically concentrates on the study of animals, which is a subset of biology, and does not address the comprehensive interactions between living beings and their ecosystems as effectively as ecology does.